WRT Machine learning... JS engines have had an amazing amount of optimization, and with runtimes like Deno, you can write extensions in Rust relatively easily. Comparatively, Python isn't as well optimized in a lot of areas. Regarding tooling, it is more mature with Python, and that's due to it's heritage as an education language. But the performance argument doesn't quite hold water.

A better example of a very good, complex application in Electron is VS Code. Is it the fastest, no.. is it faster than most gui IDE environments, absolutely. There's a few other things to consider in using something like electron... application scaling (literal size/screen) styling, theming and accessibility support that many cross platform toolkits lack. Let alone more well-known designers and design tooling as a target.

On robotics, a raspberry pi with johnny-five is more than sufficient for a surprising number of projects. It really depends on what you're trying to do... If you're creating a system for mail sorting and path flows with image scanning, recognition etc, then no, probably not fast enough... if you're running a CNC or 3d printer, probably more than good.

Game development, wouldn't be my first choice, but again, depends on your needs... side scroller ala mario bros, more than enough with modern hardware... the next major 3d platformer, not so much.

Above all else, it comes down to context... I really don't like these types of articles... they just come off as elitist. While there are lots of places I wouldn't reach for JS as a first choice... I'd say it will and often depends on context. The needs of the application, the purpose and the staff you have on hand will all play a role.